Acest material va prezinta cat de simplu este sa creezi imagini fotorealiste cu ajutorul programului “KitchenDraw”.

Daca doriti sa creati in mod constant imagini fotorealiste, puteti personaliza in asa fel bara de pictograme astfel incat cele doua pictograme dedicate acestei operatiuni (si ) sa apara in bara.

1.Caracteristicile "Fotorealismului"

In comparatie cu perspectiva realista, functia fotorealism mai include:

• Punctual light sources (electric bulbs) and spots or projectors,
• Soft shadows,
• Transparent and reflective surfaces,
• The smoothing of curved forms.

2. Definirea luminozitatii unui proiect

Soft shadows, smoothing of the curved forms as well as the effects of transparency or reflexion are managed automatically by the photorealism engine. You do not have anything to do to benefit from these new possibilities.

You can also let KitchenDraw carry out the lighting of the scene. You just have to configure the Photorealism dialog box. This dialog box appears when you choose Setup | Graphic | Final Photorealism.
If the "Automatic lights" check box in the Lighting area is checked, KitchenDraw automatically places a punctual light source in the center of the scene during the calculation of a photorealist image.
If the "Dimming" check box is checked, KitchenDraw automatically attenuates the light and the contrast of the default directional light source in order to compensate for the light contribution from the punctual light source in photorealism mode.

Although the automatic lighting carried out by KitchenDraw generally gives good results, you may wish to control the lighting of the scene completely. Indeed, high quality photorealistic images are often the fruit of elaborate lighting.
If desired, start by unchecking the "Automatic lights" and "Dimming" boxes of the Photorealism dialog box mentioned previously in order to inhibit the automatic lighting process.

By default, a scene has only one light source ; the "directional" light source which you can set up in the View | Light source dialog box.
This light source is represented in the same way in "photorealism" mode. But in this mode, it is also possible to represent punctual light sources (electric bulbs) or spots. These lights bring a more realistic lighting to the scene thanks to the colour gradations that they generate on the objects.
Here are some basic rules to observe to obtain an optimum lighting:

1. Lower the directionnal light and contrast (compared to the values which give good result in simple realistic perspective). Indeed, if punctual light sources and spots are added to the scene, you must decrease the contribution of the directional light source to avoid over-exposure. In the View | Light source dialog box you should set the "light" between 20 and 40 and the "contrast" between 10 and 20.
2. Add one or more punctual light sources. These light sources are objects present in the final section of the @BASIC FORMS catalog. We advise you to place one punctual light source for every 9 m² surfaces. Thus, only one punctual light source is enough for a standard size room. A room of 6 x 3 meters requires two punctual light sources.
   
3. Notice that KitchenDraw places automatically a projector behind each window or French window of the scene in order to simulate the sunlight. By default, this projector is facing the wall but it is possible to direct it differently so that the lights and shadows on the walls and on the cabinets are as realistic as possible. To do that, select the window or the French window in question and choose Object | Components. In the list of components which appears then, check "Sun lighting on the left" or "Sun lighting on the right" according to the desired effect.
   

If you are looking for an optimum result, you will probably have to increase or decrease the power of one or more light sources. That is done simply by selecting the required light sources and changing their color in the Object | Attributes dialog box.
Once in the Color dialog box you can adjust the power of the lamp with the vertical cursor located on the right which acts on the "light" parameter ; you can also change the color of the lamp to obtain special lighting effects.
Take care to choose relatively dark colors for the light sources in order to avoid over-exposing the views.

3. Vizualizarea proiectului in perspectiva fotorealista rapida

• Choose View | Quick photorealistic perspective, or click on the icon.

The calculation of the image can last a few tens of seconds and you can stop it while pressing on the ESCAPE key.
It is advised to use this type of perspective when altering the lighting of the scene.

4. Vizualizarea proiectului in perspectiva fotorealista finala

• Choose View | Final photorealistic perspective, or click on the icon.

The calculation of the image can last a few minutes and you can stop it while pressing on the ESCAPE key. Its quality level (effects, antialiasing) can be chosen in the dialog box accessible with the Setup | Graphic | Final Photorealism command (please refer to the section To define the quality of the final photorealistic perspectives for more details); it is higher in quality than a quick photorealistic perspective.
You can run this type of perspective at the end of the project, to show the final result to the customer or before printing the final image.

5. Tiparirea perspectivei fotorealiste afisate pe ecran

• Choose File | Print, or click on the icon (as for any other view mode).

A dialog box then appears on the screen to setup the resolution of the image on the printer, i.e. the number of points (or pixels) horizontally and vertically. The higher the resolution, the clearer the image. Increasing the resolution also reduces the aliasing effect. On the other hand, an increase in the resolution results in a significant increase in the computing time.

In this dialog box you have the choice between a resolution that is a multiple of the screen resolution, or a specific resolution which you indicate in pixels in the "Horizontal" and "Vertical" text areas. The choice of a specific resolution corresponds to particular cases: imperative control of the number of pixels, very high resolution (large size outputs) or very low resolution.

The "x1" screen resolution is best because the impression starts very quickly, the calculation of the image having already been carried out for the image displayed on the screen.
On the other hand, if your print outputs require a higher resolution than the screen resolution, choose "x1,5", "x2" or "x3". However these choices involve the calculation of a new image and that this calculation will be longer than the screen image one. For example, the choice "x3" will produce an image with 9 times more pixels than the screen image.

Click on the " Set default " button if you want your new choices selected by default for future print outputs.

6. Exportul perspectivei fotorealiste

• Choose File | Export | Image (.BMP, .JPG).

A dialog box then appears on the screen to define the name and the destination directory of the generated file. The " Bitmap " file format can be .BMP (Windows uncompressed 24 bits format) or .JPG (JPEG compressed format).
We recommend this last format which is definitely less greedy in memory, even if it degrades a little bit the image quality.
When you validate this dialog box, another dialog box appears on the screen to define the resolution of the image to be exported. This dialog box is the same as that which appears when printing. Please refer to the preceding section to get more details about this dialog box.

7. Definirea perspectivei fotorealiste finale

• Choose Setup | Graphic | Final photorealism.

A dialog box then appears on the screen to allow you to disable certain time consuming processes.
The "Reflexion" check box allows you to activate or not the reflective surfaces process.
The antialiasing radio buttons allows you to choose the type of antialiasing level. Antialiasing is recommended to obtain images of good quality. However, you can be satisfied with the "High quality" level if you find that the time to calculate the final photorealistic perspective is too long.

The settings of the shadows (attenuation and edges softness) applies equally to the quick photorealistic perspective as to the final photorealistic perspective; it does not have any influence over the computing time

The "Lighting" area lets you activate the automatic calculation of the scene lighting as seen in section 2 of this document.

8. Sfaturi Practice

1. Folositi perspectivele realiste in timpul proiectarii.
2. Dupa incheierea proiectului folositi perspectiva fotorealista rapida pentru testarea si fixarea luminozitatii. Va sfatuim sa reduceti marimea proiectului/scenei si chiar a ferestrei programului in timpul verificarilor.
3. Daca placa video a computer-ului dumneavoastra permite, folositi o rezolutie cat mai mare (1024x768 sau 1200x1024). Perspectiva fotorealista finala va putea fi tiparita astfel mai repede la selectarea unui numar de pixeli "x1". Configurati programul KitchenDraw astfel incat sa ocupe toata suprafata folosibila a ecranului folosind comanda: Setup | Graphic | Final Photorealism.

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